In the low-temperature environment, the power supply heater has become a core accessory to ensure the normal operation of electric vehicles. Both the preheating of the battery pack and the heating of the cockpit require the stable operation of the power supply heater. However, the use of the power supply heater and the choice of power supply are directly related to the charging and discharging conditions of the battery. Choosing an inappropriate power supply will not only reduce the heating effect of the power supply heater, but also continuously damage the battery performance and shorten the actual service life of the battery. To balance the use effect of the power supply heater and battery protection, it is necessary to first clarify the relationship between the two, and then master the power selection logic of the power supply heater.
1. The Core Impact of the Use of Power Supply Heaters on Battery Life
The power battery of an electric vehicle is extremely sensitive to the working current and discharge rhythm, and the operation of the power supply heater is completely dependent on the battery power supply. Improper use methods will affect the battery life in two aspects.
If the power of the power supply heater does not match the battery output, the high-power power supply heater will force the battery to discharge with a large current. Long-term large current output will accelerate the aging of the electrode materials inside the battery and gradually reduce the cyclic charge and discharge capacity of the battery. At the same time, if the voltage is unstable when supplying power to the power supply heater, the heating efficiency of the power supply heater will fluctuate, and the battery will also have charging and discharging disorders due to the unstable voltage, which will further affect the regulation accuracy of the battery management system, making the battery work under non-optimal working conditions. Over time, the available capacity of the battery will decay. In addition, frequent startup of high-power power supply heaters will cause a sudden increase in the discharge load of the battery. The battery with a large internal resistance at low temperatures will have the risk of lithium plating due to continuous high-load discharge, which will further damage the internal structure of the battery.
2. Key Points for Choosing Power Supplies for Electric Vehicle Power Supply Heaters
Choosing a suitable power supply for the power supply heater is core to achieving the matching of power output, power supply heater power and battery tolerance, so that the power supply heater can minimize the damage to the battery while heating efficiently.
First of all, it is necessary to match the power parameters of the power supply and the power supply heater, and select a power supply with corresponding power according to the actual use scenario of the vehicle, so as to avoid insufficient power supply caused by a high-power power supply heater with a low-power power supply, or energy waste caused by a low-power power supply heater with a high-power power supply. Stable power output can reduce the discharge fluctuation of the battery. Secondly, attention should be paid to the voltage stability of the power supply, and priority should be given to a power supply configuration that can achieve a stable voltage output, so that the working current of the power supply heater remains constant, and avoid additional load on the battery caused by voltage fluctuations. At the same time, the adaptability of the power supply also needs to be considered, which should be consistent with the vehicle's voltage platform and the working requirements of the power supply heater. Related power supply products such as YIBENYUAN on the market provide a practical reference for the power selection of power supply heaters with their designs in voltage stability and power matching. In addition, if the vehicle supports an external power supply to power the power supply heater, priority should be given to using the external power supply when the vehicle is parked, which can directly reduce the power consumption of the power battery and fundamentally reduce the impact of the power supply heater on the battery.
The rational use of the power supply heater is the key to the winter travel of electric vehicles, and choosing a suitable power supply is the core of balancing the heating demand and battery protection. Grasping the key points of power supply selection for the power supply heater, keeping the operation of the power supply heater in a reasonable power supply condition at all times, can not only give full play to the heating effect of the power supply heater, but also effectively protect the power battery and extend the overall service cycle of the electric vehicle.
